Scientific Illiteracy and the Partisan Takeover of Biology

May 2006 | Volume 4 | Issue 5 | e167 Americans have long been ambivalent about science. Confl icting attitudes toward science are not uncommon among industrialized countries— Canadians, Europeans, and Japanese, for example, also appreciate the benefi ts of science but worry about potential impacts on society. What sets Americans apart is that their reservations center primarily around religion. And now, as the United States struggles to maintain its undisputed position as world leader in science and technology, religious ideology has spilled over into the public sphere to a degree unmatched in other industrialized societies. Religious groups are turning scientifi c matters like stem cells and evolution into political issues. Though some see the growing infl uence of ideology over scientifi c issues as a threat to America’s standing as global science leader, a leading analyst of public attitudes toward science sees it as an opportunity for increasing scientifi c literacy. “Even though the scientifi c community can feel besieged by this anti-science sentiment,” says Jon D. Miller, who directs the Center for Biomedical Communications at Northwestern University Medical School, “most people really haven’t made up their mind about this issue and, in fact, really haven’t even thought about it.” Rather than fretting about the cultural divide—or worse, doing nothing—Miller urges scientists to do their part to bridge the gap.